Casting Solidification Time Calculator (Chvorinov)
Estimate the solidification time of a metal casting from its volume, surface area and mould constant using Chvorinov's rule.
How to Use the Casting Solidification Time Calculator (Chvorinov)
- Enter the casting volume in cm³.
- Enter the mould-contacting surface area in cm².
- Enter the mould constant B from your alloy and mould type.
- Click Calculate.
حالات الاستخدام
- •Riser and gating design.
- •Foundry process control.
- •Teaching metal casting.
الصيغة
t_s = B · (V / A)². V/A is called the casting modulus M. B depends on the mould and alloy (≈ 2 min/cm² for green sand).
الأسئلة الشائعة
Who formulated this rule?
Nicolas Chvorinov published the square-law relationship between solidification time and casting modulus in 1940. It remains a cornerstone of foundry design.
What values of B should I use?
For steel in green sand B ≈ 2 min/cm²; for cast iron ≈ 1.5; for aluminium in sand ≈ 1. Metal moulds (die casting) are much lower.
Why does modulus matter?
Risers must have a longer solidification time than the casting, which is ensured by giving them a larger V/A modulus. Chvorinov's rule is how riser sizing is justified.